Romanisation for Changsha Xiang Chinese (Zansafa Pinin)
音值與音系參考 Articulatum . “A preliminary phonetic and phonological description of Changsha (glottocode: chan1326)”. 2019. Unpublished work.
寫「北風和太陽」片段
Be⁷hun¹ gun¹ Tai⁵ian² di Gu⁵si⁵ (pɘ˨˦ xən˧˦ kən˧˦ tʰa͡ɪ˦˥ jɛ̃˩˧ ti kɯᵝ˦˥ sz̩˦˥, 北風跟太陽的故事)
Iou ifei sai, Behun zai lali gun Taiian zun laigo iou bunsi xe. Zun-di sihou lai-daza golou-di, sunsan pi-da-jen mienngau. Tamun liango jou sanlian-hau-da, kan laigo koi iuen goza golou-di ba tadi mienngau to-xalai.
表 1: 聲母
Phone | Pinin |
---|---|
∅ | |
pʰ | p |
p | b |
pʰʲ | pi |
pʲ | bi |
tʰ | t |
t | d |
tʰʲ | ti |
tʲ | di |
kʰ | k |
k | g |
kʰʷ | ku |
kʷ | gu |
m | m |
mʲ | mi |
ɲ | ni |
ŋ | ng |
tsʰ | c |
ts | z |
tɕʰ | q |
tɕ | j |
tɕʰʷ | qu |
tɕʷ | ju |
f | f |
s | s |
z | r |
ɕ | x |
ɕʷ | xu |
x | h |
w | w |
j | i |
jʷ | iu |
l | l |
lʲ | li |
表 2: 韻母
Phone | Pinin | Phone | Pinin | |
---|---|---|---|---|
i/iʑ/ʑ̩ | i | in | in | |
z̩/ɹ̪̩ | i | |||
y/ʑ̩ʷ | y | yn | yn | |
e (after ⟨b⟩ ⟨d⟩) | ê | ẽ | en | |
e (abbr. elsewhere) | e | |||
ɘ | e | ɘ̃ | en | |
u/ɯᵝ/v | u | |||
o | o | õ | on | |
ɔ | a | ã̝ | an | |
ən | un | |||
a͡ɪ | ai | |||
e͡ɪ | ei | |||
a͡ʊ | au | |||
ə͡ʊ | ou |
註: /e/ /ɘ/ 僅在 /p/ /t/ 後對立,而 /pe/ /te/ 都是邊緣音節。
表 3: 聲調
Tones | Value | Pinin (Corr. to octa-tonal sys.) | Example |
---|---|---|---|
High rising | 45 | 5 | dou⁵ ‘鬥’ |
Mid rising | 34 | 1 | dou¹ ‘都’ |
Low-mid rising | 13 | 2 | dou² ‘頭’ |
Low-high rising | 24 | 7 | dou⁷ ‘毒’ |
Low-falling | 21 | 6 | dou⁶ ‘豆’ |
Mid-high falling | 42 | 3 | dou³ ‘陡’ |